Question 1

What is the difference between TIG and MIG welding?

Accepted Answer

TIG uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode and a separate filler rod, giving precise, clean welds ideal for stainless steel and root passes. MIG feeds a consumable wire continuously, so it is faster and suited to fabrication and structural work.

Question 2

What is WPS, PQR and WPQR?

Accepted Answer

A WPS (Welding Procedure Specification) tells the welder how to make a weld. A PQR (Procedure Qualification Record) proves that procedure produces sound welds. A WPQR (Welder Performance Qualification Record) proves an individual welder can follow it.

Question 3

What are the types of welding positions?

Accepted Answer

Plate positions are 1G (flat), 2G (horizontal), 3G (vertical) and 4G (overhead). Pipe positions include 5G (fixed horizontal) and 6G (fixed at 45 degrees), which covers all positions.

Question 4

What are the common welding defects?

Accepted Answer

Porosity, undercut, lack of fusion, incomplete penetration, slag inclusion, cracks and excessive spatter are the most common. Most are prevented with clean joints, dry consumables and correct parameters.

Question 5

How can I become a certified welder?

Accepted Answer

Complete practical training, build skill in the positions you need, then pass a qualification test witnessed to a code such as ASME IX or AWS D1.1. NIW provides training, pre-assessment and qualification support.

Question 6

Which welding process is best for beginners?

Accepted Answer

ARC welding (SMAW) is usually the best starting point. It teaches arc control and puddle reading, and the skills carry over to TIG and MIG.

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